On 12 November 2015, in the context of its negotiations for the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and in a bid to address growing criticism of investment treaty arbitration, the European Commission made a formal proposal for a reformed approach to investment protection and an apparently more transparent system for the resolution of investment disputes. To that end, the Commission suggested, amongst other things, the establishment of a permanent court to hear investment disputes (the “Investment Court”). The Investment Court aims to safeguard states’ right to regulate and create a court-like system with an appeal mechanism based on clearly defined rules, with qualified judges and transparent proceedings.